[9] In 1762 and 1763, the Gorkhalis overran Makwanpur and Dhulikhel respectively, surrounding the Kathmandu Valley from the west, south and east.[10]. Shah's victory marked the establishment of the Shah dynasty in Nepal and the end of the rule of the indigenous Newars. The responsibility for establishing Greater Nepal comes to a single person titled Prithvi Narayan Shah whose bravery and perspective were the primary justification behind the unified Nepal that we are living in today. Gaige writes, Although Nepali was the court language of many minor hill kings in the past, it was commonly called Gorkhali after the kings of Gorkha conquered Nepal and this is still a commonly used term in the hill villages [1, pp. King Prithivi Narayan Shah stands as the first king of the modern time world who actually put into practice the divine rights rested in the hands of the people. After the conquest of Nuwakot Prithivi Narayan Shah occupied the eastern parts of Kantipur: Sankhu, Changu, Naldum, Mahadev Pokhari to Dolakho one by one. However, the local traders saw the British failure as a relief due to the detrimental effect of British on the trade of Bihar and Bengal. Then, Prithvi Narayan Shah came to Kathmandu, in course of creating greater Nepal. The Mallas of the valley ruled Nepal for about 600 years from 12th to 1 8th centuries. "Prithvi Narayan Shah almost walked into Kathmandu due to the Indra Jatra revelry in which the Nepali were sunk". [20] The inhabitants of Kathmandu awoke the next morning only find that Prithvi Narayan Shah had become their King. Although the unification process was also initiated during the Lichchhavi regime by King Manadev, it could not be long-lasting. The Trishuli River marked the boundary between Kathmandu and Gorkha in the west. He had a dream of conquering all the little empires and creating a bigger country that he never gave up and was determined to satisfy. The creator of modern Nepal, Prithvi Narayan and his Gorkha troops waged relentless war, and the boundaries of present Nepal is a result of those. [20] They attacked from three points on its perimeter—Bhimsensthan, Naradevi and Tundikhel. [12][13], In August 1767, Captain George Kinloch led a British force towards Kathmandu to rescue its beleaguered inhabitants. Blockade runners were hung from the trees on the roads. His conquest of Sikkim failed as he died on Magh 1, 1831. [19] Finally, Jaya Prakash had only a few Maithil Brahmin citizens in his support as other inhabitants had changed their allegiance from Jaya Prakash to Prithvi Narayan. By 1768 the entire Kathmandu Valley had been conquered by Prithvi Narayan. Die Vorfahren waren Sisodia Rajputen aus Chittorgad im heutigen Rajasthan, die sich auf der Flucht vor den arabischen Invasoren im Gebiet des heutigen Distriktes Gorkha in Nepal niederließen. Northey, William Brook and Morris, Charles John (1928). After a year, on 12th November 1769, Prithvi Narayan Shah conquest Bhaktapur and occupied it. When the conquest was extended to Patan a few weeks later both Jaya Prakash Malla and the King of Patan, Tej Narsingh Malla, took refuge in Bhaktapur, which was also conquered after some time. [19], With the siege of Kathmandu continuing, the Gorkhalis took Kirtipur in the Battle of Kirtipur in 1767. Once the foundation of the Kingdom of Nepal was thus laid, King Prithvi Narayan Shah turned his attention towards the east. [1] It was fought in Kathmandu in 1768, and resulted in the defeat of its king Jaya Prakash Malla by Prithvi Narayan Shah, king of the adjoining Gorkha Kingdom. The Mallas have been divided into two categories: (a) The Mallas of west, (b) the Mallas of the valley. After the annexation of Kathmandu valley, King Prithvi Narayan Shah praised in his letter about valour and wisdom shown by Ramkrishna in annexation of Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur (i.e. In den Divya Upadesh stellte Prithvi Narayan Shah neun Prinzipien und Leitlinien zusammen, nach denen sein Reich regiert werden sollte und seine Weitsicht erkennen lassen. The valley consisted of Kathmandu, Bhatgaon and Patna. The Malta rulers of the Kathmandu Valley were then well aware of the design of Gorkha. The fall of the hilltop town located to the west of Kathmandu, which was marked by bloody fighting and savagery, was a setback for the valley's defense. Prithvi Narayan Shah (* 1722; 1775; Nepali: पथवनरयण शह Prithvi Nārāyaṇ Shah) gilt als Begründer Nepals, der durch Kriege und Annexionen die Vereinigung der zahlreichen kleinen Fürstentümer zum Königreich Gorkha und damit zum Staat Nepal betrieb. [22] SU, In the following months, the Gorkhalis also conquered Lalitpur. This explains why he did not treat Kathmandu as a vanquished city and plunder it. [14] He reached within 75 km of Kathmandu and captured the forts at Sindhuli and Hariharpur, but was forced to retreat by a 2 prolonged attack from Kaji Vamsharaj Pande and Sardar Banshu Gurung. He established the Shah dynasty which remained until 2008 when Nepal became a republic. Prithvi Narayan Shah and the Shah dynasty were forced to the footnotes of history and almost forgotten until his rebirth in the early 20th century. In this way, Prithvi Narayan Shah conquered the whole valley. "[25] He further argues that: .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}. To maintain the pride of this place, he did everything that could be done to create a greater Nepal. Die erbosten Eroberer rächten sich mit Mord und Verstümmelungen an der Stadtbevölkerung. Prithvi Narayan sent his agents to infiltrate the city and create dissension among the Newars by conducting a propaganda campaign. On 6th Oct. 1768, Prithvi Narayan Shah annexed Patan to his kingdom. Prithvi Narayan Shah had no imperialistic ambition. [23] Shah conquered Bhaktapur in 1769, thus completing his conquest of Nepal. https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prithvi_Narayan_Shah&oldid=185585299, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“. 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