Your first example at this link (http://codepen.io/HugoGiraudel/pen/LklCv) does not work in IE 11. This allows the default alignment (or the one specified by align-items) to be overridden for individual flex items. Is there a better way around this without requiring a hard-coded height? Too bad we don’t use SASS, we rely almost solely on LESS. I have a question, which is outside the scope of flexbox, and that is, how did you draw those diagrams in your article? When you define main-axis you say that its direction depends on the justify-content property, but isn’t the flex-direction property that defines if flex items are layed out as a row or as a column? Can We make fixed navigation while creating layout of our navigation with flexbox, This is an awesome post. Sean Fiorritto (sp?) You can check out the codepen at http://cdpn.io/qliuj, I find myself doing a Mr. Burns “excellent”, as I’m pretty excited about align-items: stretch. On CodePen we use jQuery UI draggable, but there are others out there. Another great article! Equal Height Columns Bootstrap Equal Height Columns. Here you have my version of a “Perfect” product grid (responsive). Love it, thanks! could you please suggest, how I can have support on IE11. align-items seems to default to stretch now. I’ve been out of front end development for a few years exploring culinary arts but decided to get back into design and front end dev. For the items to wrap up onto the second line you can use the flex-wrap: wrap, then to align the items on the second line you can manipulate them with align-content. @Yazin Firstly we better clarify which use case is best for these solutions. This page is my go-to reference for Flex CSS.. Could you provide some text explaining what “cross-start”, “cross-end”, “cross-axis”, etc. 8) how to make it work in safari? I want last one (footer) to be always at the bottom of this page. The reason I could not get it to work is because IE11 does not like a max-width to be set on any flex-item. The last 7 are code alongs where we will build everything from a navigation to a mobile app layout entirely with Flexbox! The grid is supposed to contain only two kind of boxes-small and big(with side double to that of small box). Why is it that when I resize the browser window displaying flexbox elements (on this page, for example) the page position after resizing is different than what I was looking at before? This is the best resource I’ve found so far. (i must remove because message was rendering in wrong way), Thank for the writeup! So lets say when the .item2 & .item3 are both absent, based on my css above, the .item1 shows at the top/start of my .container – which is not really desirable because if .item1 is the only element in the container, I want it to behave as if the container has justify-content: center instead. I’m near the state knowing it inside out ^_________^ And is that something one would even want to do? * via the webkit prefix. Bottom line: is it just a good idea to add vendor prefixing for flex at this stage of the game and is there any possible downside for doing it now (8/2016)? I suppose it’s a problem with my html? And if so, should there be a note accompanying that image? ” links to an article that is over a year old and has a note on it saying that it is in-flux. I don’t completely understand the Note about the best use for Flexbox vs. I am trying to make my video rich website “FLEX”. Great article. Alternatively, here’s a Sass @mixin to help with some of the prefixing, which also gives you an idea of what kind of things need to be done: Flexbox is certainly not without its bugs. 2) 2 columns, 2 rows (medium screen) Hey Glen! I have tried and it is failing to keep aspect ration and the usual padding trick doesn’t seem to work. I am having one issue that I cannot figure out. Also, I would rather set flex: 1 1 20%; on each sub item instead of specifying the width (again, it depends on what you want to do). Because height=0 you will not see them, but they still take up space in the x-direction. and on tablet device, one small box goes to bottom with full width and on top of this we have two equal box now. And the only disappointment I've experienced with flexbox is that browser vendors took so long to implement it. Just starting to experiment with Flex box (mainly used columns and just plain inline + widths in the past) and this is so awesomely easy. The best collection of them I’ve seen is Philip Walton and Greg Whitworth’s Flexbugs. Flexbox requires some vendor prefixing to support the most browsers possible. It's the ultimate tool for layouts and "gridding" via CSS. Much appreciated. Centering or aligning text on the vertical axis (up and down) has always been difficult to achieve. If all the columns share the same background, equal height is irrelevant because you can set that background on a parent element. The reason that I enjoy working with the web is that it’s always growing. I have always wondered why a good layout system has been missing from CSS. 20%, 5rem, etc.) However it doesn't seem to be working when using the materializecss grid. ^_^. Is that possible? Now I am sure there is a javascript way of doing this but I am wondering if you have a few css-tricks up your sleeves that will achieve this in a simple elegant css way. They (arguably much more importantly) separate out implementation differences. Sorry, I misunderstood your question. H3, p and button. What CSS is needed for the content area to fill the remaining space relative to the footer? LOL I had to swap my PC for a PC-XT to get a hard drive. What do higher numbers mean relative to lower numbers? It's a useful piece of code that keeps your UI more consistent thanks to Flexbox. It breaks it for some reason. or a keyword. I figured out that align-content is only for the cross axis. Initially I thought this was super helpful. Don’t push print and walk away… It’ll print ALL of the comments! display: -moz-box; ;). This is a pretty good quick guide. By using flexbox we get a pretty good solution. So the only other possibility is to set a max-width on one or more flex-items…but those will break in IE11 because of some bug. Also, if I load the entire page via jQuery, as I’ve been doing lately, the same result… Instead of the framed environment you’re getting I received flat little lines. I’ve filed a bug report with Modernizr for this. Hi Chris, Article says it should be independent. It seems so simple, and yet I’ve wasted hours without any luck. Modernizr.flexwrap is true. Any help would be appreciated, thanks! :(. Where is flexbox standing now for support? flex-shrink refers to how much an element will “give up itself” when there isn’t enough room. Which software did you use to make these diagrams? Practically the exact same layout but using grid system to accomplish it. Look an eye out for grid to make a proper entry into the browsers and we would be having magic on our plates in terms of layouts. -webkit-box-orient: vertical; How can I get the content to align to the bottom of the element when it’s inside a nested flexbox? Can tell the reader of this in advance. .main { order: 2; flex: 2 1 50%; } http://i.snag.gy/VHJsV.jpg thanks. Got a container and 3 columns in it. Am I misunderstanding something? space-around: lines evenly distributed with equal space around each line I´ve tried to put in codes which are already written in the comments, but it doesn´t work. Think of it as the justify-content version for the cross-axis (perpendicular to the main-axis). That’s not correct. I thought I was tripping. Total noob when it comes to flexbox, but I was wondering something. I hat to say it, but the frustration expressed by PPK and many others strikes me as very similar to my daughter’s frustration with going to school. Especially when you get like 8 levels deep. Thank you for the information you have put together. I made a website, where container’s div is flex and direction is column. this is an incredibly useful guide. I have a few questions I’d really appreciate if you could answer. To make Flexbox play nicely with iPhone/iPad, add the following metatag…, , The 2nd example works fine without flexbox, with “display: inline-block”. Since last few days I have been trying to use flexbox for a specific requirement I have. Something weird is going on in the first example’s pen (http://codepen.io/HugoGiraudel/pen/LklCv). Options are Top, Center, Bottom, and Full Height. My main frame page is 11 frames. Much appreciated. There’s just lots of searching and then guessing which random answer on the internet might be the correct answer. You display things that work. If somebody can explain. This is like a CSS angle pissing on my tongue. The shorthand sets the other values intelligently.”. ltr means “left to right” system, such as english. I’ve taken the navigation layout above and put it in the header of the header, aside, main, aside, footer, layout. Just a few tips and tricks ;) would be great! So here is a example: Descripton of issue: My .container above is smaller than the combined height of the three elements it contains and so the overflow property takes care of the part of .item3 that remains outside the container. :) Would be nice if mozilla included a bit of explanation re: normal & context leading to ‘stretch’ and ‘flex-start’ behaviors. There’s a difference. I had bookmarked the article before and have come back to it today as a reference. You should be able to apply :first-letter directly to a flex item that’s display: block, though. Less javascript and more CSS. Has anything changed this this tutorial was published? On the last media query in order to do that ( http://cdpn.io/rhbmd ). It’s a sound strategy to the extent you can use flexbox first towards planning for the layout and quickly create the fallback with a ratio-based grid system. I wonder who thought that implementing space-around like that was a good idea and why. Thanks for the fix PaulOB ! To get around this, I use: This takes account of the percentage difference in the margins. I’m a little hesitant because of browser version support. Is there an easy way to center everything in a container box when arranging elements as columns? @Ry, good point. I don’t think there’s a way to do what I’m trying to do with flexbox. Chrome is still treating ‘auto’ like ‘content’. CSS Flexbox Layout Module. When you define main-axis you say that its direction depends on the justify-content property, but isn’t the flex-direction property that defines if flex items are layed out as a row or as a column? See this graphic. Do you have any suggestions for a graceful fallback or is it better to just style it “traditionally” for .no-flexbox (using Modernizr)? Sometimes I smile when reading these articles (and this one is just fine BTW) but I remember back to the dark ages when one could code a fairly decent web page on a single sheet of paper whereas now, it takes endless articles to even understand the coding and then one ends up with megabytes of code … and it’s still just one page but a lot “prettier” (and requires up to 1000X the bandwidth and server storage LOL). product grid with only flex, you just need to justify your content to flex-start and be careful with your margins… also you will need to apply margin to the title too (please look at alex’ picture, it’s clear that margin is applied to everything there). …, (Editor: this demo started 404ing, it must have been deleted. I just read the working draft and while ‘normal’ is the “default”, the behavior of normal varies based on context, which in most cases is as you describes. Thanks so much for updating this post — by far the easiest-to-understand guide to flexbox ever written. But your site puts things in the language a non-programmer teacher can use to update to something other than frames. For purely solving for equal height elements, the advantage of flexbox is the default axis immediately enables side-by-side columns, whereas grid needs to be explicitly set. And what about CSS grid, safe for production with fallbacks? Inside this container I have 3 divs. It also includes history, demos, patterns, and a browser support chart. If all items have flex-grow set to 1, the remaining space in the container will be distributed equally to all children. Wow, this article is the coolest material about flexbox. You many have been moved by PPK’s article: Stop pushing the web forward, I found this counterpoint by Bruce Lawson enlightening: On PPK’s moratorium on new browser features. I just updated Firefox to v20 on a mac and now all of the flex-box demos aren’t working. ;). Both solutions work perfectly on box layouts and their direct children. You can find more detailed information about browser support when you type in “caniuse flexbox” in google. Developed a flexbox playground based on this artical to learn it better, check it on https://poonia.github.io/flexbox/. It would be mighty nice if they offer Flexbox row selectors for multi-row wrap flows. Thanks Chris! Does using flexbox responsibly meaning coding the site via flexbox and usual css positioning methods as a fall back for browsers who dont support flexbox, coding the layout twice? Should prefix code be inserted as a safeguard, OR is it deleterious to add vendor flex prefix code if said vendor has provided full flex compliance in more recent browser versions? You can use flexbox in production pretty well as long as you’re using a sound way to detect less-than-ideal support for flex-wrap w/ modernizer and use a ratio-based grid system like Singularitygs as a fallback. I really like the concept of flexbox, but with needing to support IE9, looking for a way to do that with a graceful fallback. What I want is 3 breakpoints like this: By default, flex items will all try to fit onto one line. I hope this helps! When scrolling quickly, it would be nice to see the new months at the left margin, and “continuation” lines indented. If some of them still use ie6 and you have to enable them to use your website, you have to propose another way to display…. #container This is best place to learn CSS Tricks. I want the footer to have a set height of 52px and I want the content region to automatically fill the rest of the empty space. About the “Properties for the Children (flex items)” column : I see on MDN that is existing the “justify-self” property with the same values than “align-self”. Also, you the container article is missing a height, which ends up in confusing the result of applying align-items and justify-content as the same in that special case. Am I the only one that thinks this ‘article’ should be in the “article” section? I find a difference between resizing my laptop monitor and actually viewing it on other devices. Can somebody can give me an exemple about how to do? when a column is set to s12 or m12, it doesn't behave like that anymore on medium and small screens after the flex box implementation. All videos + exercises → http://Flexbox.io I’m thinking that I would experiment with a background color of the site, then the container would be another color (centered) and then the flex items yet another color. -webkit-flex-flow: row wrap; For starters, you don’t need floats. Thanks for the article, helped me a great deal bringing my LESS-implementation and Bower package up to date! * Regarding this image – http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-flexbox/images/rel-vs-abs-flex.svg. the initial value of ‘flex-basis’ is ‘main-size’, and if omitted in the shorthand property ‘flex’, it’s value is ‘0%’. After reading your great article on how to use flex-box, I came across this article that says don’t use flex-box for overall page layout. But the last example “mobile-first 3-columns layout with full-width header and footer” in my 34.0.1847.131 chrome didn’t make the two sidebars half of the size of the main content. How about managing 3rds, 5ths, 6ths, 12fths, etc., and when columns change to use different widths across viewports? I had to write and give you a well-earned “thank you”. I am working with flexbox on a few different projects now and love it. Currently only Firefox 34+ support ‘main-size’. Even React Native has flexDirection set to ‘row’ by default so I’m not the only one who thinks column should be the default value of flex-direction. If done, the header/footer and the content seem to take up the height evenly. I refer to it all the time. Good article, I just shared on Twitter. Bootstrap equal-height columns experiment. Perhaps: if width/height is auto, use flex-basis; otherwise, stick with width/height as an inflexible size. Essentially we just blew the row/columns of bootstrap out of the water with 20 lines of CSS. Thank you so much for this. The proposed changes to CSS were initiated years ago, along with the introduction of HTML5. Now auto means look at the height/width property and a new value of ‘content’ has been added. This will certainly be a great tool to have once it’s better supported. :), Hi. I can’t get a single line of text to vertically center within an element. Just started to look at using flexbox as I update some educational materials I began 22 years ago (yes html2!) You must expand that section to see the content. Since flexbox is a whole module and not a single property, it involves a lot of things including its whole set of properties. Here is the Codepen: try align-content: flex-start; on the container. Wow! Hi, I am not a code pro, but even I could see, that your code is like scrambled eggs. I believe there is no better place on the web to start learning about flex. Each block is supplied with an image, content area and even extra graphics for indicating the status of the article. And we call it progress. I tried to build my personal/portfolio site with flexbox a few months ago, but got super frustrated with the syntax. I thought for some reason flex-box treated “up-and-down” as a “row” , and “left-to-right” as a “column” from this. Today I'm going to show you a cool solution to equal height cards using flexbox. 1st I didn’t see mention of place-content (short-hand for align-content & justify-content per mozzilla – https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/place-content). We all have been in this situation where we needed to have a few equal height column card layouts with aligned content inside them. Most of it are in fact additions to CSS and HTML, rather than changes. 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